What a cover letter is for
A cover letter connects your experience to one specific role. It should not repeat every line of your CV. Instead, it explains why you are applying, identifies the requirements you match and gives one or two examples that help the employer understand your contribution.
A practical four-part structure
- Opening: name the job title and, where available, the reference number. State a concise reason for applying.
- Evidence: connect a relevant responsibility or requirement to an example from work, education, volunteering or a project.
- Employer fit: explain a truthful reason the role or organization interests you, based on the actual job description or employer information.
- Close: thank the reader and express interest in discussing your application. Keep the tone professional.
Example paragraph pattern
“In my previous role, I [specific task] using [relevant method or tool]. This helped [verified outcome or purpose]. The experience is relevant to your requirement for [requirement from the vacancy], and I would bring the same approach to [specific duty in the advertised role].”
Replace each bracketed phrase with truthful details. Do not invent results or claim knowledge of an employer you have not researched.
How to tailor the letter
Choose two or three requirements from the vacancy and match them with evidence. If you are changing careers, connect transferable skills to the new role and explain relevant training or projects. If you have a gap in experience, do not apologize at length; focus on the evidence you do have and how you are preparing for the work.
Length, tone and formatting
Unless the employer specifies otherwise, aim for a concise page with short paragraphs. Use a readable font, consistent contact details and a clear subject line. Address the letter to a named person only when you have verified the name and spelling; otherwise, “Dear Hiring Team” is acceptable. Avoid generic praise, exaggerated claims and repeated phrases copied from the advertisement.
Final checklist
- Correct company name, job title and reference number.
- One specific reason for applying.
- At least one relevant, truthful example.
- No unsupported claims or copied paragraphs.
- Correct spelling, recipient and attachment names.
- Saved in the file format requested by the employer.
Download the free editable cover letter starter template (Word). Use it as a structure, not as a letter to send unchanged.